{"id":13663,"date":"2018-05-01T11:00:24","date_gmt":"2018-05-01T05:30:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.tarshi.net\/inplainspeak?p=13663"},"modified":"2018-05-02T11:09:35","modified_gmt":"2018-05-02T05:39:35","slug":"in-the-name-of-the-mother","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tarshi.net\/inplainspeak\/in-the-name-of-the-mother\/","title":{"rendered":"In the Name of the Mother\u2026."},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Why do we swear?<\/p>\n<p>It is often an expression of frustration, anger, rage, and helplessness. Very rarely, it is also a by-product of various neurological disorders caused by damage to the part of the brain that controls aggression (like <a href=\"https:\/\/www.livescience.com\/33384-tourette-syndrome-people-curse-uncontrollably.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tourette\u2019s syndrome<\/a>), in which some sufferers either shout obscenities or communicate them via sign language.<\/p>\n<p>Most of us, however, use swear words quite voluntarily, although women are generally discouraged from doing so \u00a0because of cultural taboos regulating \u00a0speech and expressions of anger.<\/p>\n<p>We all have our favourite swear words, which we use either in our minds (if we are being well-behaved), or mutter under our breath when we simply can\u2019t keep it in, or shout out loud \u2013 for ***\u2019s sake get your s**t together!<\/p>\n<p>A basic analysis of the most powerful swear words reveals that the vast majority are somehow related to sex (as in the act) or sexuality.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/author\/melissa-mohr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Melissa Mohr<\/a> who has specialised in Medieval and Renaissance Literature and is the author of <em><a href=\"https:\/\/global.oup.com\/academic\/product\/holy-sht-9780190491680?cc=ar&amp;lang=en&amp;\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Holy Sh*t: A Brief History of Swearing<\/a><\/em>, writes that the word \u2018fuck\u2019 first appeared in the 16th century, according to a manuscript of the Latin orator Cicero. An anonymous monk was apparently reading through the monastery copy of <em>De Officiis<\/em> (a guide to moral conduct) when he felt compelled to express his anger at his abbot. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/melissa-mohr\/a-fcking-short-history-of_b_3352948.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u201cO d fuckin Abbot<\/a>,\u201d he scrawled in the margin of the text.<\/p>\n<p>At the time this was simply considered to be a more direct way of describing sexual intercourse, and it became a profanity only 300 years later. Perhaps it was around this same time, the time of Victorian morality, that people began to think of the sexual act itself as profane?<\/p>\n<p>Be that as it may, language and swear words too, change with the times. What may have been a cuss word then, is no longer a cuss word now. In this hilarious video below, Osho Rajneesh, who created a worldwide stir with his direct approach towards sexuality and sexual activities, elaborates on the versatility of the word \u2018fuck\u2019and how commonly and in how many ways it is used.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dailymotion.com\/video\/x2uu4p5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.dailymotion.com\/video\/x2uu4p5<\/a><\/p>\n<p>But many of the other swear words that are considered to be really offensive are somehow directed at shaming women and, by association, their sexuality and even their bodily functions and body parts as we will see.<\/p>\n<p>Even when a man is called a \u2018son of a bitch\u2019 \u2013 he is actually just a son, but it is his mother who is a \u2018bitch\u2019. A \u2018bastard\u2019 is someone born to unmarried parents, someone who is consequently considered \u2018illegitimate\u2019. Obviously the \u2018bastard\u2019 has a mother. But she had sex with someone who is not willing to acknowledge his child, which is why the child is called a bastard. Conversely, children without mothers are called orphans, not bastards. Therefore, the use of the word \u2018bastard\u2019 and not \u2018orphan\u2019 as an insult takes on a distinctly sexist undertone. \u2018Motherfucker\u2019 is meant to be a slur directed at a man because he is accused of having sex with his mother. Though there is no prevalence of the term in English, \u2018sister fucker\u2019 is a commonly used slur in various Indian regional languages, and is also targeted at men.<\/p>\n<p>The same slurs hardly apply to women. A woman\u2019s sexuality is maligned through insults that all come under the convenient umbrella of \u2018slut\u2019 or \u2018whore\u2019. Someone who enjoys or has plenty of sex is labelled a slut. But a man who has a lot of sex is usually seen (by other men) as someone to admire. The selling of sex being seen as inherently evil, \u2018whore\u2019, \u2018slut\u2019 and \u2018prostitute\u2019 become \u2018bad\u2019 words. In the typical way of double-standards, there is no equivalent word for men who seek to buy sex. A man who controls the sex worker\u2019s business and sets up clients for them is a \u2018pimp\u2019. Pimp has somehow become a neutral word, and to \u2018pimp up\u2019 also means \u2018to improve\u2019 or \u2018<a href=\"http:\/\/www.dictionary.com\/browse\/pimp-up\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">spice something up\u2019<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Everyone has heard the term <a href=\"https:\/\/en.oxforddictionaries.com\/definition\/nymphomania\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">nymphomania<\/a>. It is defined as \u2018uncontollable or excessive sexual desire in a woman\u2019. Isn\u2019t it a clear sign of sexism and the shaming of women for their sexual appetite, that hardly anyone knows the equivalent word for men \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.oxforddictionaries.com\/definition\/satyriasis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">satyriasis<\/a>? These words were once used to describe the condition of \u2018hypersexuality\u2019 in women and men respectively, but are no longer used by the medical community because who is to say what is \u2018excessive\u2019 or \u2018uncontrollable\u2019 sexual desire in any person? Why, then, are women who exhibit sexual desire still being referred to as \u2018nymphos\u2019?<\/p>\n<p>Another common swear word is \u2018bitch\u2019, the word association being that of a female dog in heat who has sex with any dog available at that time. This word is not usually used in a sexually derogatory way, but it is very often used to shame women who share their opinions openly.<\/p>\n<p>It seems that it is not only women\u2019s sexual desire and behaviour that lend to swear words, but also their bodily functions and body parts. <a href=\"https:\/\/newrepublic.com\/article\/116713\/swear-word-history-where-your-favorite-curses-came\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The origins<\/a> of why the word \u2018bloody\u2019 became a curse word are not known. There is speculation that it was a shortening of the phrase \u2018by our lady\u2019, or a variation of the Dutch word \u2018bloote\u2019 which means naked. Or, it may have negative connotations of association with menstruation.<\/p>\n<p>When someone exhibits behaviour that is out of the ordinary and seemingly out of proportion, we say they are \u2018hysterical\u2019 \u2013 this word has the same root as <em>hysteros <\/em>meaning uterus and reflects the misogyny and sexism of the 18<sup>th<\/sup> century.<\/p>\n<p>It is important to keep reminding ourselves that feminism is not a movement against men. It is a movement against patriarchy. Patriarchy is a system which hurts men too. When a man is called a \u2018cunt\u2019 or a \u2018pussy\u2019 or \u2018pussy whipped\u2019 or told to \u2018grow a pair\u2019, it may sound as though he is being insulted. But the insult comes less from the words themselves and more from the implication that he is behaving in a \u2018feminine\u2019 way \u2013 these words and phrases are used to incite men to \u2018prove their manliness\u2019. This is how gay men, transgender people, cross-dressing men, and \u2018effeminate\u2019 men are shamed for not being \u2018man\u2019 enough.<\/p>\n<p>Just like there are movements urging women to reclaim the night and re-occupy public spaces, we also need to reclaim swear words. As we learn from Alice Through the Looking Glass:<\/p>\n<table width=\"608\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>\u201c<em>When I use a word,\u201d Humpty Dumpty said, in rather a scornful tone, \u201cit means just what I choose it to mean \u2013 neither more nor less.\u201d <\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u201cThe question is,\u201d said Alice, \u201cwhether you can make words mean so many different things.\u201d <\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u201cThe question is,\u201d said Humpty Dumpty, \u201cwhich is to be master \u2013 that\u2019s all.\u201d<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>While you think about that, I will let the inimitable and brilliant Stephen Fry and Hugh Laurie have the last word (pun intended!) on swear words here. This is a script from their series \u2018A Bit of Fry and Laurie\u2019. This <a href=\"http:\/\/abitoffryandlaurie.co.uk\/sketches\/swearing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">episode<\/a> was recorded after the BBC banned them from using swear words on the show.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Stephen<\/strong> Our first item tonight, my sweet little honeyclusters\/ is a searing insight into real life\/ and perforce relies on using\/ the language of the street.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Hugh<\/strong> Swearwords &#8230;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Stephen<\/strong> Swearwords, exactly. But we have been banned from using actual swearwords<\/p>\n<p><strong>Hugh<\/strong> Bastards<\/p>\n<p><strong>Stephen<\/strong> So we have had to make up new ones \/which are absolutely pitiless in their detail.\/ <em>Hugh rips off his gag.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Hugh<\/strong> And nobody can stop us from using them. Here they are &#8230; <em>Stephen rips off his gag. From now on, we are out loud. <\/em>&#8220;Cloff&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Stephen<\/strong> &#8220;Prunk&#8221; &#8230;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Hugh<\/strong> &#8220;Shote&#8221; &#8230;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Stephen<\/strong> &#8220;Cucking&#8221; &#8230;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Hugh<\/strong> &#8220;Skank&#8221; &#8230;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Stephen<\/strong> &#8220;Fusk&#8221; &#8230;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Hugh<\/strong> &#8220;Pempslider&#8221; &#8230;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Stephen<\/strong> No, we said we wouldn&#8217;t use that one.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Hugh<\/strong> Did we?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Stephen<\/strong> Yes, that&#8217;s going too far.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Hugh<\/strong> What, &#8220;pempslider&#8221;?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Stephen<\/strong> Shut up.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Hugh<\/strong> Sorry.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Stephen<\/strong> And lastly, &#8220;pim-hole&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Hugh<\/strong> Hah.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Stephen<\/strong> So, here it is, ladies and gentlemen, our first sketch &#8230; and good luck &#8230;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 10px;\"><em>Cover Image: YouTube<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A basic analysis of the most powerful swear words reveals that the vast majority are somehow related to sex (as in the act) or sexuality.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":44,"featured_media":13665,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,1562,8],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-13663","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-categories","8":"category-language-and-sexuality","9":"category-voices"},"menu_order":775,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tarshi.net\/inplainspeak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13663","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tarshi.net\/inplainspeak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tarshi.net\/inplainspeak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tarshi.net\/inplainspeak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/44"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tarshi.net\/inplainspeak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13663"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.tarshi.net\/inplainspeak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13663\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13758,"href":"https:\/\/www.tarshi.net\/inplainspeak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13663\/revisions\/13758"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tarshi.net\/inplainspeak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13665"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tarshi.net\/inplainspeak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13663"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tarshi.net\/inplainspeak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13663"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tarshi.net\/inplainspeak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13663"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}